A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is an X-ray dye test that can help your doctor spot problems in your reproductive anatomy. The procedure uses fluoroscopy (a special type X-ray) and dye to allow the radiologist view inside your uterus and fallopian tubes. The dye helps to detect problems like blocked fallopians tubes or an asymmetrical uterus.
Hysterosalpingography is usually done as part of an infertility workup. It usually only takes 5 minutes. You can have it done at your provider’s offices.
Your provider uses a tool called the speculum to open your vagina, allowing them to reach your cervix. They’ll insert a small catheter into the cervical canal and into your uterus to inject a dye that will show up on the X-ray images. They’ll take the X-ray pictures and talk to you about the results.
After the dye injection, there will be some discomfort. You might also have some spotting or cramping during the procedure, as well as vaginal dryness and bloating. You’ll need to remain seated on the table for the duration of the X rays.
The X-rays can show your uterus and fallopian tubes, as well as other pelvic structures that may be preventing you from getting pregnant. Your provider can use them to check for other conditions which may be causing you infertility.
The fallopian tubes can be blocked by certain types of tumors, scar tissue and other growths in the uterus. This can make it difficult for sperms to reach an egg inside the uterus. The test can also help your provider identify if you have any growths or infections in the uterus.
Your obstetrician asks you about your medical past and the type(s) of fertility medications you are currently taking. They’ll ask you about your medical history and if there are any allergies or concerns. They’ll review the risks and benefits of the test with you before scheduling it.
Some studies have shown that the rate of pregnancy after a Hysterosalpingogram has increased slightly. This could be because flushing your tubes opens a minor blockage, or removes some debris that prevented you from becoming pregnant.
Antibiotics may be prescribed if you have a history or pelvic inflammatory diseases or infections of the uterus or tubal or fallopian tubes. This is to reduce the risk for infection after the procedure. You’ll likely be given an antibiotic like doxycycline (100 mg twice a daily for 5 days) before the HSG. This will continue after the test, if there are signs of an infection.
The risk of postprocedure infection is 1.4% to 3.4%, according to ACOG practice bulletin 131. Antibiotics reduce the risk of infection, but this is only true for women without a previous history of infection.
Genetic testing allows your doctor to determine whether or not you have a mutation that increases your risk of certain types of tumors. This can be used to help you and the rest of your family decide on whether or not cancer screenings and treatments are best.
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